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| − | [[File:Screenshot-legacy.earlham.edu 2017-04-28 19-21-49.png|thumbnail|right]]
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| − | == <small>'''Text'''</small> ==
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| − |
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| − | Released June 20, 2003
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| − |
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| − | '''Contents'''
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| − | * Summary of the April 11 meeting
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| − | * Definition of open access publication
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| − | * Statement of the Institutions and Funding Agencies working group
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| − | * Statement of the Libraries & Publishers working group
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| − | * Statement of Scientists and Scientific Societies working group
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| − | * List of participants
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| − |
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| − | '''Summary of the April 11, 2003, Meeting on Open Access Publishing'''
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| − |
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| − | The following statements of principle were drafted during a one-day meeting
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| − | held on April 11, 2003 at the headquarters of the Howard Hughes Medical
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| − | Institute in Chevy Chase, Maryland. The purpose of this document is to stimulate
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| − | discussion within the biomedical research community on how to proceed, as
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| − | rapidly as possible, to the widely held goal of providing open access to the
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| − | primary scientific literature. Our goal was to agree on significant, concrete steps
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| − | that all relevant parties —the organizations that foster and support scientific
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| − | research, the scientists that generate the research results, the publishers who
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| − | facilitate the peer-review and distribution of results of the research, and the
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| − | scientists, librarians and other who depend on access to this knowledge— can
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| − | take to promote the rapid and efficient transition to open access publishing.
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| − |
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| − | A list of the attendees is given following the statements of principle; they
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| − | participated as individuals and not necessarily as representatives of their
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| − | institutions. Thus, this statement, while reflecting the group consensus, should
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| − | not be interpreted as carrying the unqualified endorsement of each participant or
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| − | any position by their institutions.
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| − |
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| − | Our intention is to reconvene an expanded group in a few months to draft a final
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| − | set of principles that we will then seek to have formally endorsed by funding
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| − | agencies, scientific societies, publishers, librarians, research institutions and
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| − | individual scientists as the accepted standard for publication of peer-reviewed
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| − | reports of original research in the biomedical sciences.
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| − |
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| − | The document is divided into four sections: The first is a working definition of
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| − | open access publication. This is followed by the reports of three working groups.
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| − |
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| − | '''Definition of Open Access Publication'''
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| − |
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| − | An Open Access Publication[1] is one that meets the following two conditions:
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| − |
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| − | 1. The author(s) and copyright holder(s) grant(s) to all users a free,
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| − | irrevocable, worldwide, perpetual right of access to, and a license to copy,
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| − | use, distribute, transmit and display the work publicly and to make and
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| − | distribute derivative works, in any digital medium for any responsible
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| − | purpose, subject to proper attribution of authorship[2], as well as the right
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| − | to make small numbers of printed copies for their personal use.
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| − |
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| − | 2. A complete version of the work and all supplemental materials, including a
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| − | copy of the permission as stated above, in a suitable standard electronic
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| − | format is deposited immediately upon initial publication in at least one
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| − | online repository that is supported by an academic institution, scholarly
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| − | society, government agency, or other well-established organization that
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| − | seeks to enable open access, unrestricted distribution, interoperability, and
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| − | long-term archiving (for the biomedical sciences, PubMed Central is such a
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| − | repository).
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| − |
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| − | Notes:
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| − |
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| − | 1. Open access is a property of individual works, not necessarily journals or
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| − | publishers.
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| − |
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| − | 2. Community standards, rather than copyright law, will continue to provide the
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| − | mechanism for enforcement of proper attribution and responsible use of the
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| − | published work, as they do now.
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| − |
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| − | '''Statement of the Institutions and Funding Agencies Working Group'''
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| − | Our organizations sponsor and nurture scientific research to promote the creation
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| − | and dissemination of new ideas and knowledge for the public benefit. We
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| − | recognize that publication of results is an essential part of scientific research and
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| − | the costs of publication are part of the cost of doing research. We already expect
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| − | that our faculty and grantees share their ideas and discoveries through
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| − | publication. This mission is only half-completed if the work is not made as widely
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| − | available and as useful to society as possible. The Internet has fundamentally
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| − | changed the practical and economic realities of distributing published scientific
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| − | knowledge and makes possible substantially increased access.
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| − |
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| − | To realize the benefits of this change requires a corresponding fundamental
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| − | change in our policies regarding publication by our grantees and faculty:
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| − |
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| − | 1. We encourage our faculty/grant recipients to publish their work according
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| − | to the principles of the open access model, to maximize the access and
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| − | benefit to scientists, scholars and the public throughout the world.
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| − |
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| − | 2. We realize that moving to open and free access, though probably decreasing
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| − | total costs, may displace some costs to the individual researcher through
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| − | page charges, or to publishers through decreased revenues, and we pledge
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| − | to help defray these costs. To this end we agree to help fund the necessary
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| − | expenses of publication under the open access model of individual papers in
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| − | peer-reviewed journals (subject to reasonable limits based on market
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| − | conditions and services provided).
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| − |
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| − | 3. We reaffirm the principle that only the intrinsic merit of the work, and not
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| − | the title of the journal in which a candidate�s work is published, will be
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| − | considered in appointments, promotions, merit awards or grants.
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| − |
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| − | 4. We will regard a record of open access publication as evidence of service to
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| − | the community, in evaluation of applications for faculty appointments,
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| − | promotions and grants.
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| − |
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| − | We adopt these policies in the expectation that the publishers of scientific works
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| − | share our desire to maximize public benefit from scientific knowledge and will
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| − | view these new policies as they are intended —an opportunity to work together
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| − | for the benefit of the scientific community and the public.
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| − |
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| − | '''Statement of the Libraries & Publishers Working Group'''
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| − |
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| − | We believe that open access will be an essential component of scientific
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| − | publishing in the future and that works reporting the results of current scientific
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| − | research should be as openly accessible and freely useable as possible. Libraries
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| − | and publishers should make every effort to hasten this transition in a fashion that
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| − | does not disrupt the orderly dissemination of scientific information.
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| − |
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| − | Libraries propose to:
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| − |
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| − | 1. Develop and support mechanisms to make the transition to open access
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| − | publishing and to provide examples of these mechanisms to the community.
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| − |
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| − | 2. In our education and outreach activities, give high priority to teaching our
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| − | users about the benefits of open access publishing and open access
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| − | journals.
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| − |
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| − | 3. List and highlight open access journals in our catalogs and other relevant
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| − | databases.
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| − |
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| − | Journal publishers propose to:
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| − |
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| − | 1. Commit to providing an open access option for any research article
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| − | published in any of the journals they publish.
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| − |
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| − | 2. Declare a specific timetable for transition of journals to open access
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| − | models.
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| − |
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| − | 3. Work with other publishers of open access works and interested parties to
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| − | develop tools for authors and publishers to facilitate publication of
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| − | manuscripts in standard electronic formats suitable for archival storage and
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| − | efficient searching.
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| − |
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| − | 4. Ensure that open access models requiring author fees lower barriers to
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| − | researchers at demonstrated financial disadvantage, particularly those from
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| − | developing countries.
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| − |
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| − | '''Statement of Scientists and Scientific Societies Working Group'''
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| − | Scientific research is an interdependent process whereby each experiment is
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| − | informed by the results of others. The scientists who perform research and the
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| − | professional societies that represent them have a great interest in ensuring that
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| − | research results are disseminated as immediately, broadly and effectively as
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| − | possible. Electronic publication of research results offers the opportunity and the
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| − | obligation to share research results, ideas and discoveries freely with the
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| − | scientific community and the public.
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| − |
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| − | Therefore:
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| − |
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| − | 1. We endorse the principles 1. of the open access model.
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| − |
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| − | 2. We recognize that publishing is a fundamental part of the research process,
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| − | and the costs of publishing are a fundamental cost of doing research.
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| − |
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| − | 3. Scientific societies agree to affirm their strong support for the open access
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| − | model and their commitment to ultimately achieve open access for all the
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| − | works they publish. They will share information on the steps they are taking
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| − | to achieve open access with the community they serve and with others who
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| − | might benefit from their experience.
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| − |
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| − | 4. Scientists agree to manifest their support for open access by selectively
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| − | publishing in, reviewing for and editing for open access journals and
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| − | journals that are effectively making the transition to open access.
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| − |
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| − | 5. Scientists agree to advocate changes in promotion and tenure evaluation in
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| − | order to recognize the community contribution of open access publishing
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| − | and to recognize the intrinsic merit of individual articles without regard to
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| − | the titles of the journals in which they appear.
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| − |
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| − | 6. Scientists and societies agree that education is an indispensable part of
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| − | achieving open access, and commit to educate their colleagues, members
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| − | and the public about the importance of open access and why they support
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| − | it.
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| − |
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| − | '''List of Participants'''
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| − |
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| − | Dr. Patrick O. Brown
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| − | Howard Hughes Medical Institute
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| − | Stanford University School of
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| − | Medicine, and Public Library of Science
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| − | Ms. Diane Cabell
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| − | Associate Director
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| − | The Berkman Center for Internet
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| − | & Society
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| − | at Harvard Law School
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| − | Dr. Aravinda Chakravarti
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| − | Director, McKusick-Nathans
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| − | Institute of
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| − | Genetic Medicine at Johns
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| − | Hopkins
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| − | University, and
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| − | Editor, Genome Research
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| − |
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| − | Dr. Barbara Cohen
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| − | Senior Editor
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| − | Public Library of Science
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| − |
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| − | Dr. Tony Delamothe
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| − | BMJ Publishing Group
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| − | United Kingdom
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| − |
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| − | Dr. Michael Eisen
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| − | Lawrence Berkeley National Lab
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| − | University of California Berkeley,
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| − | and
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| − | Public Library of Science
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| − |
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| − | Dr. Les Grivell
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| − | Programme Manager
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| − | European Molecular Biology
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| − | Organization
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| − | Germany
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| − |
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| − | Prof. Jean-Claude Gu�don
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| − | Professor of Comparative
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| − | Literature,
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| − | University of Montreal, and
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| − | Member of the Information
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| − | Sub-Board,
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| − | Open Society Institute
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| − | Dr. R. Scott Hawley
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| − | Genetics Society of America
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| − |
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| − | Mr. Richard K. Johnson
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| − | Enterprise Director
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| − | SPARC (Scholarly Publishing and
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| − | Academic
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| − | Resources Coalition)
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| − | Dr. Marc W. Kirschner
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| − | Harvard Medical School
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| − |
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| − | Dr. David Lipman
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| − | Director, NCBI
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| − | National Library of Medicine
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| − | National Institutes of Health
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| − |
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| − | Mr. Arnold P. Lutzker
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| − | Lutzker & Lutzker, LLP
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| − | Outside Counsel for Open Society
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| − | Institute
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| − |
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| − | Ms. Elizabeth Marincola
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| − | Executive Director
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| − | The American Society for Cell
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| − | Biology
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| − |
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| − | Dr. Richard J. Roberts
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| − | New England Biolabs
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| − |
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| − | Dr. Gerald M. Rubin
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| − | Vice President and Director,
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| − | Janelia Farm
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| − | Research Campus
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| − | Howard Hughes Medical Institute
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| − |
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| − | Prof. Robert Schloegl
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| − | Chair, Task Force on Electronic
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| − | Publishing
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| − | Max-Planck-Gesellschaft,
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| − | Germany
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| − |
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| − | Dr. Vivian Siegel
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| − | Executive Editor
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| − | Public Library of Science
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| − |
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| − | Dr. Anthony D. So
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| − | Health Equity Division
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| − | The Rockefeller Foundation
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| − |
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| − | Dr. Peter Suber
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| − | Professor of Philosophy, Earlham
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| − | College
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| − | Open Access Project Director,
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| − | Public Knowledge
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| − | Senior Researcher, SPARC
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| − |
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| − | Dr. Harold E. Varmus
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| − | President, Memorial Sloan-
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| − | Kettering Cancer Center
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| − | Chair, Board of Directors, Public
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| − | Library of Science
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| − |
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| − | Mr. Jan Velterop
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| − | Publisher
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| − | BioMed Central
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| − | United Kingdom
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| − |
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| − | Dr. Mark J. Walport
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| − | Director Designate
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| − | The Wellcome Trust
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| − | United Kingdom
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| − |
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| − | Ms. Linda Watson
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| − | Director
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| − | Claude Moore Health Sciences
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| − | Library
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| − | University of Virginia Health
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| − | System
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| − |
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| − | == <small>'''File'''</small> ==
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| − | [[File:Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing.pdf|thumbnail]]
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| − |
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| − | == <small>'''Links'''</small> ==
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| − |
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| − | '''URL:''' http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/bethesda.htm
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| − |
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| − | '''Wayback Machine:''' https://web.archive.org/web/20160626014401/http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/bethesda.htm
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| − |
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| − | '''Wikipedia:''' https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethesda_Statement_on_Open_Access_Publishing
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| − |
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| − | [[Category:Manifestos]]
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| − | [[Category:English]]
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| − | [[Category:Belarusian]]
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| − | [[Category:Bulgarian]]
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| − | [[Category:Catalan]]
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| − | [[Category:Chinese]]
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| − | [[Category:Czech]]
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| − | [[Category:Danish]]
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| − | [[Category:French]]
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| − | [[Category:German]]
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| − | [[Category:Hungarian]]
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| − | [[Category:Italian]]
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| − | [[Category:Korean]]
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| − | [[Category:Lithuanian]]
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| − | [[Category:Macedonian]]
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| − | [[Category:Polish]]
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| − | [[Category:Portuguese]]
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| − | [[Category:Romanian]]
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| − | [[Category:Russian]]
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| − | [[Category:Slovene]]
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| − | [[Category:Spanish]]
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| − | [[Category:Swedish]]
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| − | [[Category:Ukrainian]]
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| − | [[Category:USA]]
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| − | [[Category:2003]]
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| − | [[Category:Patrick O. Brown]]
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| − | [[Category:Diane Cabell]]
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| − | [[Category:Aravinda Chakravarti]]
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| − | [[Category:Barbara Cohen]]
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| − | [[Category:Tony Delamothe]]
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| − | [[Category:Michael Eisen]]
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| − | [[Category:Les Grivell]]
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| − | [[Category:Jean-Claude Guédon]]
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| − | [[Category:R. Scott Hawley]]
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| − | [[Category:Richard K. Johnson]]
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| − | [[Category:Marc W. Kirschner]]
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| − | [[Category:David Lipman]]
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| − | [[Category:Arnold P. Lutzker]]
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| − | [[Category:Elizabeth Marincola]]
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| − | [[Category:Richard J. Roberts]]
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| − | [[Category:Gerald M. Rubin]]
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| − | [[Category:Robert Schloegl]]
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| − | [[Category:Vivian Siegel]]
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| − | [[Category:Anthony D. So]]
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| − | [[Category:Peter Suber]]
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| − | [[Category:Harold E. Varmus]]
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| − | [[Category:Jan Velterop]]
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| − | [[Category:Mark J. Walport]]
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| − | [[Category:Linda Watson]]
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